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Developers at eBay Inc are working on potential applications for Google Inc's Glass project, opening up the possibility that shopping and broader commercial activities might be conducted through the wearable technology.

"EBay Inc is participating in the beta of Google Glass and we are exploring the various use-case scenarios," said eBay spokeswoman Amanda Miller.

EBay's Innovation and New Ventures group, run by former eBay mobile executive Steve Yankovich, is taking part in the Google Glass trial program, she added.

EBay's online marketplace has been revitalized in recent years by the success of apps the company developed early for Apple Inc's iPhone, the first mobile computing platform to really take off commercially.

EBay wants to make sure that, if Google Glass becomes the next big mobile platform, its apps will be on there early too.

Some of eBay's existing mobile apps already let shoppers point smart phone cameras at products to check online prices and buy related items. The price-checking capabilities have sparked a new trend in retail known as show-rooming, the practice of looking at items in physical stores and then buying them online.

Google unveiled a half-dozen apps on Thursday designed to work on Glass, a stamp-sized electronic screen mounted on the left side of a pair of eyeglass frames that can record video, access messages and retrieve information from the Web.

Glass apps from social networking services Facebook Inc and Twitter were among those announced on Thursday.

Source  http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/05/16/us-ebay-google-glass-idUSBRE94F1D920130516

The International Court of Justice (ICJ) has set dates for the hearing of Australia's case against Japan over its whaling program.

Three weeks in late June and early July have been set aside by the court in The Hague in the Netherlands to hear Australia's claim that Japan is in breach of the international convention on whaling.

New Zealand has intervened in the case to lend weight to the Australian argument.

"The International Court of Justice ... will hold public hearings in the case concerning whaling in the Antarctic, Australia versus Japan, from Wednesday 26 June," the ICJ said in a statement on Thursday.

Australia's lawyers will argue the case on the opening day, followed a week later by Japan, on July 2.

A ruling in the matter however, may not be handed down for several months.

In Sydney, Attorney-General Mark Dreyfus welcomed the long-awaited opportunity to end Japan's whaling program.

"Australia will now have its day in court to establish, once and for all, that Japan's whaling hunt is not for scientific purposes and is against international law," Mr Dreyfus said in a statement.

"Australia wants this slaughter to end."

Australia took Japan to court in May 2010 alleging that "Japan's continued pursuit" of a large-scale whaling hunt put the Asian nation in breach of international conventions and its obligation to preserve "marine mammals and the marine environment".

Canberra asked ICJ judges to order Japan to stop its whale research program, called JARPA II, the second phase of its whale hunt in Antarctica under a special permit.

"Australia requests the court to order that Japan cease implementation of JARPA II, revoke any authorisation, permits or licences [allowing whaling under the program]," it said.

Australia also wants the ICJ to obtain guarantees from Tokyo that it will not undertake any further research until it conforms "to its obligations under international law".

Japan's annual whale hunt has long drawn criticism from activists and foreign governments, but Tokyo defends the practice, saying eating whale is a culinary tradition.

Earlier this month, Japan said its whaling fleet caught 103 Antarctic minke whales during this year's Antarctic hunt - the lowest catch since "research whaling" began in 1987.

The Japanese minister in charge of the program blamed what he called "unforgivable sabotage" by the Sea Shepherd group for the outcome.

Australian Environment Minister Tony Burke said last week the tally was "103 whales too many".

The ICJ, established in 1945, is the UN's highest judicial body and settles disputes between states.

Source  http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-04-12/australias-whaling-challenge-gets-court-date/4625366

New results from looking at the split-second after the Big Bang indicate the universe is 80 million years older than previously thought and provide ancient evidence supporting core concepts about the cosmos — how it began, what it's made of and where it's going.

The findings released Thursday bolster a key theory called inflation, which says the universe burst from subatomic size to its now-observable expanse in a fraction of a second. The new observations from the European Space Agency's $900 million Planck space probe appear to reinforce some predictions made decades ago solely on the basis of mathematical concepts.

"We've uncovered a fundamental truth of the universe," said George Efstathiou, director of the Kavli Institute for Cosmology at the University of Cambridge who announced the Planck satellite mapping result in Paris. "There's less stuff that we don't understand by a tiny amount."

"It's a big pat on the back for our understanding of the universe," California Institute of Technology physicist Sean Carroll, who was not involved in the project, told The Associated Press. "In terms of describing the current universe, I think we have a right to say we're on the right track."

The Big Bang — the most comprehensive theory of the universe's beginning — says the visible portion of the universe was smaller than an atom when, in a split second, it exploded, cooled and expanded faster than the speed of light.

The Planck space probe looked back at the afterglow of the Big Bang, and those results have now added about 80 million years to the universe's age, putting it at 13.81 billion years old.

The probe, named for the German physicist Max Planck, the originator of quantum physics, also found that the cosmos is expanding a bit slower than originally thought, has a little less of that mysterious dark energy than astronomers had figured and has a tad more normal matter. But scientists say those are small changes in calculations about the universe, whose numbers are so massive.

Officials at NASA, which also was part of the experiment, said the Planck probe has provided a deeper understanding of the intricate history of the universe and its complex composition.

Krzysztof Gorski, a Planck scientist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Lab, said in a statement that the new results "are giving astronomers a treasure trove of spectacular data, and bringing forth a deeper understanding of the properties and history of the universe."

The Planck space telescope, launched in 2009, has spent 15 1/2 months mapping the sky, examining so-called "light" fossils and sound echoes from the Big Bang by looking at background radiation in the cosmos. The spacecraft is expected to keep transmitting data until late 2013, when it runs out of cooling fluid.

Scientists not involved in the project said the results were comparable on a universal scale to the announcement earlier this month by a different European physics group on a subatomic level — with the finding of the Higgs boson particle that explains mass in the universe.

"What a wonderful triumph of the mathematical approach to describing nature," said Brian Greene, a Columbia University physicist who was not part of the new Planck research. "It's an amazing story of discovery."

"The precision is breathtaking," Greene said in an email Thursday after the announcement. "The satellite is measuring temperature variations in space — which arose from processes that took place almost 14 billion years ago — to one part in a million. Amazing."

Efstathiou marveled at how the Planck data was such "an extremely good match" to the theory of rapid inflation in the split-second after the Big Bang.

Inflation tries to explain some nagging problems left over from the Big Bang, which formed the universe in a sudden burst. Other space probes have shown that the geometry of the universe is predominantly flat, but the Big Bang said it should curve with time. Another problem was that opposite ends of space are so far apart that they could never have been near each other under the normal laws of physics, but early cosmic microwave background measurements show they must have been in contact.

So a few physicists more than 30 years ago came up with a theory to explain this: Inflation. That says the universe swelled tremendously, going "from subatomic size to something as large as the observable universe in a fraction of a second," Greene said.

Planck shows that inflation is proving to be the best explanation for what happened just after the Big Bang, but that doesn't mean it is the right theory or that it even comes close to resolving all the outstanding problems in the theory, Efstathiou said.

There was an odd spike in some of the Planck temperature data that hinted at a preferred direction or axis that seemed to fit nicely with the angle of our solar system, which shouldn't be, he said.

But overall, Planck's results touched on mysteries of the universe that have already garnered scientists three different Nobel prizes. Twice before scientists studying cosmic background radiation have won a Nobel Prize — in 1978 and 2006 — and other work on dark energy won the Nobel in 2011.

At the press conference, Efstathiou said the pioneers of inflation theory should start thinking about their own Nobel prizes. Two of those theorists — Paul Steinhardt of Princeton and Andreas Albrecht of University of California Davis — said before the announcement that they were sort of hoping that their inflation theory would not be bolstered.

That's because taking inflation a step further leads to a sticky situation: An infinite number of universes.

To make inflation work, that split-second of expansion may not stop elsewhere like it does in the observable universe, Albrecht and Steinhardt said. That means there are places where expansion is zooming fast, with an infinite number of universes that stretch to infinity, they said.

Steinhardt dismissed any talk of a Nobel.

"This is about how humans figure out how the universe works and where it's going," Steinhardt said Thursday. "And it's kind of a raucous time at the moment."

Efstathiou said the Planck results ultimately could give rise to entirely new fields of physics — and some unresolvable oddities in explaining the cosmos.

"You can get very, very strange answers to problems when you start thinking about what different observers might see in different universes," he said.

Source  http://www.philstar.com/science-and-technology/2013/03/22/922750/universe-ages-80m-years-big-bang-gets-clearer

Today, though, scientists believe that with the help of multi-billion-dollar tools, they are closer than ever to piercing the mystery – and the first clues may be unveiled just weeks from now.

"We are so excited because we believe we are on the threshold of a major discovery," said Michael Turner, director of the Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, at an annual conference of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.
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Dark matter throws down the gauntlet to the so-called Standard Model of physics.

Elegant and useful for identifying the stable of particles and forces that regulate our daily life, the Standard Model only tells part of the cosmic story.

For one thing, it does not explain gravity, although we know how to measure gravity and exploit it for our needs.

And the Standard Model has been found to account for only around 4 or 5 per cent of the stuff in the universe.

The rest is dark matter, making up 23 per cent, and dark energy, an enigmatic force that appears to drive the expansion of the universe, which accounts for around 72 or 73 per cent.

"On the cosmology side we now understand that this mysterious dark matter holds together our galaxy and the rest of the universe," said Turner.

"And the tantalising thing on the cosmology side is that we have an airtight case that the dark matter is made of something new ... there is no particle in the Standard Model that can account for dark matter."

The dark matter theory was born 80 years ago when Swiss astrophysicist Fritz Zwicky discovered there was not enough mass in observable stars or galaxies to allow the force of gravity to hold them together.

According to some theorists, dark matter is fleetingly formed by exotic particles called WIMPs (Weakly Interacting Massive Particles) that, as their name implies, have only weak interactions with the visible matter identified under the Standard Model.

But, again, this could only be part of the picture.

"The real question is why dark matter has six times the energy that is in ordinary matter," said Lisa Randall of Harvard University.

"It could be 10 trillions times bigger ... this is an intriguing sign that there is maybe some other interaction we can detect."

High-powered instruments track cosmic particles

To track these phantom particles, physicists rely on several methods and tools.

One is the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer aboard the International Space Station, which captures gamma rays coming from collisions of dark matter particles.

The first results will be published in two to three weeks, according to Samuel Ting, a Nobel laureate and professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology who is the mastermind of the two-billion-dollar project.

Ting declined to give details, only suggesting these highly anticipated results would give humans a better idea about the nature of dark matter.

Another tool used by the scientists is the South Pole Neutrino Observatory, which tracks subatomic particles known as neutrinos, which, according to physicists, are created when dark matter passes through the sun and interacts with protons.

Another big weapon is the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) near Geneva, the biggest particle smasher in the world.

Its power, they insist, could allow them to break-up electrons, quarks or neutrinos to uncover dark matter.

Last July, LHC physicists announced they had discovered a particle believed to be the Higgs boson, which confers mass. The Higgs was the key missing piece in the Standard Model.

"The dark matter particles are very heavy. It is one of the reasons we have made the LHC, not only to look for the Higgs boson," said Maria Spiropulu, professor of physics at the California Institute of Technology.

Source  http://www.smh.com.au/technology/sci-tech/scientists-sense-breakthroughs-in-darkmatter-mystery-20130219-2eo6g.html

The hacker-activist group Anonymous says it hijacked the website of the U.S. Sentencing Commission to avenge the death of Aaron Swartz, an Internet activist who committed suicide. The FBI is investigating.

The website of the commission, an independent agency of the judicial branch, was taken over early Saturday and replaced with a message warning that when Swartz killed himself two weeks ago "a line was crossed."

The hackers say they've infiltrated several government computer systems and copied secret information that they now threaten to make public.

Family and friends of Swartz, who helped create Reddit and RSS, say he killed himself after he was hounded by federal prosecutors. Officials say he helped post millions of court documents for free online and that he illegally downloaded millions of academic articles from an online clearinghouse.

The FBI's Richard McFeely, executive assistant director of the Criminal, Cyber, Response, and Services Branch, said in a statement that "we were aware as soon as it happened and are handling it as a criminal investigation. We are always concerned when someone illegally accesses another person's or government agency's network."

Source  http://www.thepublicopinion.com/news/associated_press/science_and_technology/article_247d9bf4-bb85-5e8c-924f-7f4cfcf37c8b.html

The State Government has awarded $900,000 worth of research grants as part of its shark mitigation strategy. 

It follows an unprecedented number of attacks off the WA coast over the past few years. 

One of the successful applicants is Associate Professor Nathan Hart from the University of Western Australia's Ocean Institute, who is looking at lights, sound waves and so-called 'bubble curtains' as a way of deterring the animals from popular beaches. 

"Just like us, we're afraid of certain things which are unpleasant to our senses, so if you think of a bright strobe light going off unexpectedly, you'll often recoil from that," he says. 

"The bubble curtain is a similar sort of process, a lot of animals are very wary of going somewhere they can't see or sense.

"So imagine a long pipe running along the bottom of the ocean putting out a field of bubbles... The idea is to develop something robust that could be turned on and off to protect a defined area."

Another team of researchers is taking a slightly more technical approach - developing computer algorithms to try to improve shark detection. 

"It's quite similar to face recognition technology," says Dr Ferdous Sohel from UWA. 

"First of all we'll capture images and then we'll filter them to find out if there are any mammals or any big objects.

"We'll have our shark models built in so if we get a match we'll be able to alert patrols." 

Funding has also been granted to test and improve shark shield technology and develop sonar imaging systems. 

WA's Chief Scientist Lyn Beazley is the chair of the Shark Hazard Advisory Research Committee and helped to assess the applications. 

Professor Beazley says the research will strengthen WA's position as a leading centre on shark research.

"I think this will make a material difference and allow science to play a real part in making our beaches safer," she says. 

"We have attracted the best teams in the world here. The world is now looking to us for the very best answers and I think we will provide them."

The Science and Innovation Minister John Day agrees WA is attracting world class research.

"Unless we try these things we will never know but we are certainly using the expertise of excellent scientists here in Western Australia," he says.

"The research will take either two or three years, these sort of things do need to be done thoroughly and carefully."

Mr Day says the government would share any intellectual property with the other partners. 

"Given there is tax payer funding being invested in this, the state would have some continuing interest but it's a partnership with the universities and also with industry," he said. 

Another $1 million worth of grants will be made available mid next year. 

Source  http://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-12-07/lights2c-sounds-and-bubble-curtains-to-deter-sharks/4415756?section=wa

SURPLUS rainwater should be stored underground instead of in dams to prepare for drought, a scientific study says. 

 

The National Centre for Groundwater Research and Training has made the recommendation as the federal government tables Australia's first national Murray-Darling Basin plan in parliament.

Researcher Andrew Ross says Australia should be "banking" its water underground as an alternative to traditional dams during times of heavy rain.

"There is enormous national potential to store surplus water in aquifers, ensuring sufficient water is available for cities, homes, industry, farming and the environment when drought strikes," he said in a statement.

"Historically, Australians have relied on dams to provide water for agriculture and cities.

"This strategy is not sufficient to cope with increasing climate variability or droughts as demand for food and water grows."

Up to 3000 billion litres (GL) of water a year evaporates from the Murray-Darling Basin, he said.

That level of evaporation almost matches the 3200 billion litres a year the government is hoping to flush back into the Murray-Darling Basin, under its plan unveiled last week and tabled in parliament on Monday.

Mr Ross, who has researched integrated surface water and groundwater management, said storing water underground would ensure sufficient was available for Murray-Darling Basin agricultural production and environmental flows, and avoid the shutdown of irrigation.

Source  http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/breaking-news/store-water-underground-scientists/story-fn3dxiwe-1226524436438

China has plans to launch another manned spacecraft -- Shenzhou-10 -- in early June 2013, according to a leading space programme official.

"They will stay in space for 15 days, operating both automated and manual space dockings with the target orbiter Tiangong-1, conducting scientific experiments in the lab module and delivering science lectures to spectators on the Earth," he said, adding that the selection for the crew will begin in early 2013.

In the coming mission, Shenzhou-10 will offer ferrying services of personnel and supplies for Tiangong-1, further testing the astronauts' abilities of working and living in space, as well as the functions of the lab module, he said.

"The success of this mission might enable China to construct a space lab and a space station," he said.

China plans to build its own space station in around 2020. It had initiated the manned space programme in 1992 by sending Yang Liwei, the country's first astronaut, into the orbit on Shenzhou-5 spacecraft in 2003.

Source  http://www.ianslive.in/index.php?param=news/China_to_launch_manned_spaceship_in_June-390567/SCIENCE%20and%20TECHNOLOGY/36

A RUSSIAN billionaire has a plan to make himself, and others, live forever. 

 

Dmitry Itskov, a 31-year-old media mogul, implored other magnates to fund cybernetic immortality and the artificial body - basically transferring human consciousness into a robot body.

In open letter to the Forbes richest list he wrote, "Currently you invest in business projects that will bring you yet another billion."

"You also have the ability to finance the extension of your own life up to immortality. Our civilisation has come very close to the creation of such technologies: it's not a science fiction fantasy. It is in your power to make sure that this goal will be achieved in your lifetime."

According to Mashable, his timetable is tight:

1. By 2025, scientists will be able to transfer the human brain into a robotic skeleton.

2. By 2035, an avatar brain will be created and your personality inserted within.

3. By 2045, humans will walk around in holographic avatars that will never die.

Indeed, Wired magazine reported that the Russian wants to end the need for surgery and troubleshoot our robo-bodies instead.

Itskov has said that he has already assembled a team of scientists for the job but still needs more funds to continue the project, reported the National Turk.

Source  http://www.news.com.au/national/invest-in-immortalitybillionaire/story-fndo4bst-1226442044299

The existence of the Higgs boson particle has been a hypothesis for several decades, yet much of what we know about the universe has been formed around the assumption that it does in fact exist.

The results of what scientists call a potentially "revolutionary" and extremely important experiment regarding its existence will be announced simultaneously in Geneva and Melbourne - where the international High Energy Physics conference is taking place - from 5pm (AEST).

The findings may, or may not, confirm existing theories of the way the universe - and our world - are held together.

The European Organisation for Nuclear Research (CERN) has been leading the search for the Higgs boson, an elusive sub-atomic particle dubbed by some as the "God particle", which is believed to confer mass.

The Higgs has led scientists on a chase since 1964, when British physicist Peter Higgs helped lay the conceptual foundation for it.

If the particle exists, it would vindicate the so-called Standard Model of physics, which identifies the building blocks for matter and the particles that convey fundamental forces.

On the eve of the announcement, rumours are flying about what CERN has in store.

"Whether or not the Higgs has been found, tomorrow will be exciting," Professor Sir Peter Knight, president of Britain's Institute of Physics, told AFP overnight.

"If the Standard Model is confirmed via the discovery of the Higgs boson, or whether we need to abandon and start re-writing the textbooks, it's a historical day in science that we should all be proud of."

A big question concerns the degree of probability scientists need to make a claim.

CERN physicists have said they will not make an announcement until they have proof - from two laboratories working independently at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) - that the risk of a statistical fluke is vanishingly small.

In scientific parlance, the goal is "five sigma," meaning that there is just a 0.00006 per cent chance that what the two laboratories found is a mathematical quirk.

In a news report, the British science journal Nature said CERN will announce that the two labs saw signals of a new particle with a probability of between 4.5 and 5 sigma.

But CERN will stop short of calling it the Higgs until more is known about what the particle does, Nature said.

"Crucially, they will want to know whether it behaves like a mass-giving Higgs, and more specifically whether it behaves like the Higgs predicted in the Standard Model," the journal said.

Last week, CERN boss Rolf Heuer cautioned about the need for verification.

"It's a bit like spotting a familiar face from far. Sometimes you need closer inspection to find out whether it's really your best friend, or your best friend's twin."

Because the Higgs cannot be seen, its existence - or not - has to be inferred.

This is done by smashing protons together in an underground tunnel, providing a tiny but fierce collision that causes sub-atomic debris to fly into detectors built into the 360-degree walls of a car-sized lab.

The trick then is to sift through the signals from this smash up and look for a pattern that points to the Higgs.

The boson has been so slippery because it is believed to decay almost instantly after it interacts with other particles to endow them with mass.

Over the years, tens of thousands of physicists have been thrown into the search for the Higgs, and billions of dollars have been spent on colliders.

A US machine, the Tevatron, came agonisingly close before it was mothballed in 2011 after 26 years of operations.

Its vanguard role was supplanted by the far bigger LHC, a behemoth that comprises four labs dotted around a ring-shaped tunnel, 27 kilometres long, straddling the Franco-Swiss border. 

In a presentation on Monday of data that was analysed after the closure, physicists at Fermilab said they had strong hints that the Higgs exists, but the signal was 2.9 sigma, which falls short of the five-sigma threshold.

According to Nature, the signature occurred at a mass of around 125 gigaelectronvolts, when a Higgs-like particle decayed into two photons, or particles of light.

The Tevatron and the LHC carried out exhaustive experiments to narrow down the mass field and to identify potential Higgs patterns, a task "much worse than [seeking] a needle in a haystack," Fermilab physicist Joe Lykken said.

Source  http://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-07-04/cern-prepares-to-deliver-higgs-particle-findings/4108622?section=vic

THE nooks and crannies of a healthy person are home to trillions of micro-organisms. Without this non-human component of the body, which makes up about 1 per cent to 3 per cent of a person by weight, we could not survive.

These minuscule helpers digest our food, strengthen our immune system and ward off dangerous pathogens.

They can also distinguish us, one from another.

Humans have more than 10,000 species of microbes living in and on them, but individuals can carry around very different sets of microbial populations, new research shows.

While most of these constant bedfellows are friendly, nearly everyone carries some potential foes that can cause disease under the right conditions.

These are the findings, released today, of the Human Microbiome Project – the first comprehensive census of the micro-organisms, such as bacteria, viruses and fungi, living on a healthy body.

More than 240 people between the ages of 18 and 40 donated samples from up to 18 sites on their body including the skin, mouth, nose, lower intestine and vagina, for the research, a five-year, $154 million project funded by the US National Institutes of Health. A team of 200 scientists used the latest DNA analysis techniques to study what microbes were present in those samples.

The director of the institutes, Dr Francis Collins, compared the efforts of the researchers to those of past heroes.
"Like 15th century explorers describing the outline of a new continent, the Human Microbiome Project researchers employed a new technological strategy to comprehensively define, for the first time, the normal microbial make-up of the human body," he said.

The results, published in the journals Nature and PLoS, would provide new insights into human health, said a team member, George Weinstock, of Washington University. "Knowing which microbes live in various ecological niches in healthy people allows us to better investigate what goes awry in diseases that are thought to have a microbial link, like Crohn's and obesity, and why dangerous pathogens sometimes, but not always, cause life-threatening illnesses."

While a person has about 22,000 genes, the researchers estimated that bacteria contributed hundreds of times more genes – about 8 million – that help make up for human deficits.

For example, people did not have all the enzymes required to digest food, said Lita Proctor, another team member.

"Microbes in the gut break down many of the proteins, lipids and carbohydrates in our diet into nutrients that we can then absorb."

They also produced vitamins and anti-inflammatory substances that our genes couldn't make, to help regulate the immune system, she said. The ecological niches in the body differed as much as a rainforest does from a desert, the researchers said.

The skin has a diverse collection of microbes, while the vagina has fewer species. The microbes living on teeth are different from those in saliva.

Healthy people can vary a lot, with one type of bacteria making up 90 per cent of the microbes in one person's gut, but less than 1 per cent in another's. But the different gut microbes can perform the same metabolic tasks.

Researchers have already started to use the new information, examining the microbes in the noses and blood of children with sudden, unexplained high fever, a common problem in those under three. They are often treated with antibiotics as a precaution, but the research shows the sick children had more species of viruses than healthy children, and viruses are not killed by antibiotics.

Other researchers are studying a gastric disease that threatens the life of some premature babies. By comparing the microbial communities in infants with and without the condition they hope to understand why some babies develop it.

The study found about 30 per cent of the healthy people had potentially harmful golden staph bacteria in their noses.

"The future of microbiome research is very exciting," Dr Weinstock said.